Infertility
can be defined in two ways: as inability to conceive after a year of
regular sexual intercourse without contraception, or as repeated ectopic
pregnancies, miscarriages or perinatal loss. Male and female specific
factors account for about 30% of the infertility causes (individually);the
combination of male and female causation leads to an additional 20% and the
remaining 20% are caused by uncertain origins.
When one is dealing with infertility, as much as it is important to
strictly follow the rules of the treatment, it is equally important to make
sure that you have the correct diagnosis of the root cause of your
condition. In this article you will find a broad outline, enumerating the
various probable causes of infertility.
Why it is important to determine the causes.
Infertility may be caused due to a multitude of factors at a time, or it
may be the result of perhaps the deviation of a certain single factor from
its premeditated path. Since misdiagnosis can often lead to further
fertility complications, the very first step of treating and curing
infertility depends largely on indentifying the root cause right in the
beginning of treatment.
The broad causes of infertility in females may be listed as follows:
. Anovulation: In females, ovulatory problems are the most common causes of
infertility. The failure to ovulate may be due to a number of factors:
o Hormonal imbalance is the most frequent cause of anovulation; when the
ovaries produce immature eggs, pregnancy becomes impossible.
o Women with polycystic ovaries suffer from a decreased secretion of FSH
and increased secretion of LH and testosterone; therefore polycystic
ovarian syndrome may lead to anovulation in women.
o Approximately 20% of the cases of infertility occur due to the
malfunctioning of the hypothalamus, the gland which controls hormonal
stimuli, resulting in immature eggs. The pituitary gland is responsible for
the regulation of LH and FSH, and its malfunctioning produces immature
eggs.
o Damage to the ovaries caused by previous surgeries, ovarian cysts, tumors
and infections may lead to production of immature eggs as well.
o Premature menopause and follicular problems are also responsible for
anovulation.
. Improper functioning of fallopian tubes: Viral and bacterial infections
of the fallopian tubes are the primary cause of their malfunction.
Appendicitis and colitis are abdominal problems which lead to blockage of
the fallopian tubes. Tubal damages may also be caused by previous
surgeries, which render the tubes incapable of passing eggs. Ectopic
pregnancy, which occurs within the tube, is a potential threat to life that
also causes tubal damage. Congenital tubal defects are rare, but not
impossible to come across as causes of infertility.
. Use of drugs: Smoking, drinking and using other drugs have been known to
decrease the chances of getting pregnant.
. Problems in the Immune system: This problem includes autoimmune reactions
in the body and the creation of antisperm antibodies which exterminate
sperms. Natural killer cells, which when present in excess, can damage the
embryo in the uterus. The antinuclear antibodies cause inflammation of the
uterus when present in excess. The presence of antisperm antibodies in the
female's body kills off the sperms before they can fertilize the egg.
Although the causes of infertility are many, they are fairly easy to
overcome, especially when diagnosed in the early stages. Using a holistic
approach, comprising of the prescribed medicines, following a healthy diet,
regular exercise, abstinence from alcohol, nicotine and other drugs, stress
management, acupuncture etc. guarantees positive results. Due to the
complex and multifactoral nature of infertility, the problem can be solved
permanently only by dealing with it in the holistic way, which tackles all
the root causes of this condition rather than focusing on specific
triggering elements.
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